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Intercostal Nerve Lesion
Definition: An intercostal nerve lesion describes at pathological process involving the intercostal nerve.
Causes: There are numerous causes of intercostal nerve lesions. Herpes zoster also known as shingles can manifest itself along an intercostal nerve, following a specific dermatome in the form of a blistering rash. This condition is associated with headaches, fever, malaise, and hyperaesthesia and/or paraesthesia along the affected dermatome(s), with some individuals experiencing post-herpetic neuralgia. Other causes of intercostal nerve lesions include iatrogenesis, such as in coronary artery bypass graft-internal thoracic (mammary) artery surgery, rib lesions, intercostal myospasms, parosteal lipomas of the rib, and rib fractures.
Examination: The presentation of intercostal nerve lesions, will vary in accordance with its aetiology.
Ribs should be assessed for fractures, or other abnormalities. A history of chickenpox is pertinent when attempting to diagnose shingles. The integrity of the intecostal nerve can be determined via a nerve conduction test.